Determinan Faktor Paritas di Desa Kota Batu Kecamatan Ciomas Kota Bogor
Abstract
Parity is a term that defines the number of children that a woman has. Parity consists of primiparas giving birth to one child, multiparas giving birth to 2-4 children, and grand multiparas giving birth to 5 or more children with a gestational age of more than 28 weeks. Women with high parity have a risk of cervical cancer with an odds ratio of 2.65 times. Multiparas are at risk for preeclampsia compared to primiparas, as well as grand multiparas are at risk for various health problems during pregnancy such as hypertension in pregnancy, gestational diabetes, placental abruption, placenta previa, malposition, and fetal pelvic disproportion. Socioeconomic factors play an important role in the development of the fetus and child. Socio-economic is the dominant demographic factor influencing the number of births (parity), socioeconomic status includes education, employment, and income. This study aims to determine what factors are associated with parity. Research design using correlation description with cross-sectional approach, 296 samples were taken using convenience sampling. The research instrument used a questionnaire with six questions to measure factors related to parity. Data analysis using chi-square. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between age and parity with a p-value of 0,000 < α, while education, income, hypertension, partner desires, and myths are not related to parity (p-value > α). Age affects parity, this happens because women in menarche to menopause have the potential to become pregnant and give birth to children.
ABSTRAK
Paritas adalah istilah yang mendefinisikan jumlah anak yang dimiliki seorang wanita. Paritas terdiri dari primipara yang melahirkan satu anak, multipara yang melahirkan 2-4 anak, dan grand multipara yang melahirkan 5 anak atau lebih dengan usia kehamilan lebih dari 28 minggu. Wanita dengan paritas tinggi memiliki risiko kanker serviks dengan odds ratio 2,65 kali. Multipara berisiko mengalami preeklampsia dibandingkan dengan primipara, begitu pula grand multipara berisiko mengalami berbagai masalah kesehatan selama kehamilan seperti hipertensi dalam kehamilan, diabetes gestasional, solusio plasenta, plasenta previa, malposisi, dan disproporsi panggul janin. Faktor sosial ekonomi memegang peranan penting dalam perkembangan janin dan anak. Sosial ekonomi merupakan faktor demografi yang dominan mempengaruhi jumlah kelahiran (paritas), status sosial ekonomi meliputi pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan pendapatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan paritas. Desain penelitian menggunakan deskripsi korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional, sampel diambil sebanyak 296 sampel dengan convenience sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dengan enam pertanyaan untuk mengukur faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan paritas. Analisis data menggunakan chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara umur dengan paritas dengan p-value 0,000 < α, sedangkan pendidikan, pendapatan, hipertensi, keinginan pasangan, dan mitos tidak berhubungan dengan paritas (p-value > α). Usia mempengaruhi paritas, hal ini terjadi karena wanita sejak menarche hingga premenopause berpotensi untuk hamil dan melahirkan anak.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52031/edj.v7i1.517
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