PERUBAHAN SIKAP MASYARAKAT TERHADAP HIPERTENSI DI KOTA TANGERANG, BANTEN, INDONESIA

Abstract

CHANGES IN PUBLIC ATTITUDE WITH HYPERTENSION IN TANGERANG CITY BANTEN INDONESIA

     Hera Hastuti¹, Shieva Nur Azizah Ahmad^1*, Imas Yoyoh¹, Poppy Irawati¹, Alpan Habibi¹

 Public Health Faculty, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang, Perintis Kemerdekaan Street 1/33, Cikokol, Tangerang, Banten Coressponding Author: Shieva Nur Azizah Ahmad, email: shifa.ahmad14@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a condition in which systolic blood pressure is ≥ 140 mmHg and or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg (Ministry of Health, 2018). The national prevalence of hypertension based on Riskesdas 2013 was 25.8% with only 1/3 of those who had hypertension diagnosed while 2/3 were undiagnosed and 0.7% of people diagnosed with high blood pressure by having the habit of taking hypertension drugs. This shows that most hypertension sufferers do not realize that they are suffering from hypertension (Ministry of Health, 2013). According to the Tangerang City Health Office (2016) showing the top 20 outpatient diseases in the Puskesmas in Tangerang City, hypertension is in the second rank with 58,773 sufferers (11.41%). Meanwhile, based on data on outpatient visits to hospitals in Tangerang City, there were 20,195 patients with hypertension (1.05%). The purpose of this activity is to change people's attitudes towards hypertension. The implementation method consists of the preparation, implementation and evaluation stages. Starting from the activities of preparing the site and participants. The implementation phase of this community service activity carried out with activities consisting of: FGD and distribution of self-care leaflets on hypertension, counseling on compliance with taking hypertension drugs, counseling on caffeine consumption, demonstration of Ar-Rahman's murottal sura therapy. The evaluation phase of activities is carried out before and after the activity by distributing questionnaires to be filled out by participants. Pre and post results showed an increase in the value of the attitude in the good category of citizens by 13.7%. The results before extension with good attitude category was 38.7% and after counseling with good attitude category was 52.4%. While the results before counseling with a poor attitude category were 61.3% and after counseling with a lacking attitude category was 47.6%. Routine education is needed related to early detection of risky hypertension because it improves people's health.

Keywords: Attitude, Hypertension, Society

PERUBAHAN SIKAP MASYARAKAT TERHADAP HIPERTENSI DI KOTA TANGERANG, BANTEN, INDONESIA

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Hipertensi atau Tekanan Darah Tinggi adalah suatu keadaan dimana tekanan darah sistolik ≥ 140 mmHg dan atau tekanan darah diastolik  ≥ 90 mmHg (Kemenkes, 2018). Prevalensi hipertensi nasional berdasarkan Riskesdas 2013 sebesar 25,8% dengan orang yang mengalami hipertensi hanya 1/3 yang terdiagnosis sedangkan 2/3 tidak terdiagnosis dan 0,7% orang yang terdiagnosis tekanan darah tinggi dengan memiliki kebiasaan meminum obat hipertensi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar penderita hipertensi tidak menyadari menderita hipertensi (Kemenkes, 2013). Menurut Dinkes Kota Tangerang (2016) menunjukkan 20 besar penyakit rawat jalan di Puskesmas se-Kota Tangerang yaitu penyakit hipertensi menduduki peringkat kedua dengan jumlah penderita sebanyak 58.773 orang (11,41%). Sedangkan berdasarkan data kunjungan rawat jalan di RS se-Kota Tangerang penderita Hipertensi sebanyak 20.195 (1,05%). Tujuan: tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk merubah sikap masyarakat terhadap hipertensi. Metode : Metode pelaksanaan terdiri dari tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Dimulai dari kegiatan mempersiapkan lokasi dan peserta. Tahap pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan kegiatan yang terdiri dari : FGD dan sebar leaflet perawatan mandiri pada hipertensi, Penyuluhan kepatuhan minum obat hipertensi, Penyuluhan tentang konsumsi kafein, Demontrasi terapi murottal surah Ar-Rahman. Tahap Evaluasi kegiatan dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah kegiaran dengan menyebarkan angket untuk diisi oleh peserta. Hasil : Pre dan post menunjukkan adanya peningkatan nilai sikap dengan kategori baik warga sebesar 13,7%. Hasil sebelum penyuluhan dengan  kategori sikap baik sebesar 38,7% dan sesudah penyuluhan dengan kategori sikap baik sebesar 52,4%. Sedangkan hasil sebelum penyuluhan dengan kategori sikap kurang sebesar 61,3% dan sesudah penyuluhan dengan kategori sikap kurang sebesar 47,6%. Perlu edukasi rutin terkait deteksi dini hipertensi berisiko karena dalam meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat.

Kata Kunci : Sikap, Hipertensi, Masyarakat