RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE, IMMUNISATION STATUS, AND EXPOSURE TO CIGARETTE SMOKE TO THE INCIDENCE OF ISPA IN TODDLERS AT THE KAMPUNG SAWAH HEALTH CENTRE, SOUTH TANGERANG

Abstract

                                                  ABSTRACT

Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five, especially in developing countries. Factors such as the level of parental knowledge, children's immunisation status, and exposure to cigarette smoke are suspected to have an influence on the incidence of ISPA. This study aims to analyse the relationship between parental knowledge, immunisation status, and exposure to cigarette smoke to the incidence of ISPA in toddlers at the Kampung Sawah Health Centre, South Tangerang City. Research Objective: To analyse the relationship between parental knowledge, immunisation status, and exposure to cigarette smoke to the incidence of ISPA in the Kampung Sawah Health Centre. Research Method: This study uses a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study is 85 mothers and toddlers selected through the purposive sampling technique. Research Results: Research Results: The results of the Knowledge Level study on respondents at the Kampung Sawah Health Centre were found to be an average of 33 respondents (38.8%), and the average level of knowledge of ISPA was less with 23 respondents (27.1%). Based on immunisation status, the average number of toddlers who received complete immunisation was 61 toddlers (71.8%), while the average for incomplete toddlers who received immunisation was 24 toddlers (28.2%). Based on exposure to cigarette smoke, 39 respondents (40.5%) were declared high, while 26 respondents (36.5%) were declared moderate for smoking around toddlers. The results of the bivariate test showed that there was a significant relationship between the level of knowledge (p value 0.014), immunisation status (p value 0.001), and cigarette smoke exposure (p value 0.001) and the incidence of ISPA (p value < 0.05). Suggestion: The community or family is expected to always pay attention to the mother's knowledge, give complete immunisations to babies, and avoid.

                                                           ABSTRAK

Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada balita, terutama di negara berkembang. Faktor-faktor seperti tingkat pengetahuan orang tua, status imunisasi anak, dan keterpaparan asap rokok diduga memiliki pengaruh terhadap kejadian ISPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan orang tua, status imunisasi, dan keterpaparan asap rokok terhadap kejadian ISPA pada balita di Puskesmas Kampung Sawah, Kota Tangerang Selatan. Tujuan Penelitian: Menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan orang tua, status imunisasi, dan keterpaparan asap rokok terhadap kejadian ISPA di Puskesmas Kampung Sawah. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 85 ibu dan balita yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian Tingkat Pengetahuan pada responden di Puskesmas Kampung Sawah diketahui rata-rata Tingkat pengetahuan ISPA baik responden sebanyak 33 responden (38,8%), dan rata-rata tingkat pengetahuan ISPA Kurang sebanyak 23 responden (27,1%). Berdasarkan status imunisasi rata-rata balita yang mendapatkan imunisasi lengkap sebanyak 61 balita (71,8%), sedangkan rata-rata untuk balita yang tidak lengkap mendapatkan imunisasi sebanyak 24 balita (28,2%). Berdasarkan Paparan Asap Rokok sebanyak 39 responden (40,5%) dinyatakan Tinggi, sedangkan 26 responden (36.5%) dinyatakan sedang untuk merokok di sekitaran Balita. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan (p value 0.014), Status Imunisasi (p value 0.001), dan keteraparan asap rokok (p value 0.001) dengan Kejadian ISPA (p value <  0.05). Saran: Masyarakat ataupun keluarga diharapkan agar selalu memperhatikan pengetahuan ibu, memberikan imunisasi lengkap pada bayi, dan menghindarkan bayi dari paparan asap rokok agar tidak terjadi ISPA.